Answer (d)
Merit goods are the goods that are provided generally by the government to certain sections of the society. Unlike in the case of pure public goods, the merit goods are not provided to the entire society; rather they are given to certain targeted people.
Public goods are provided to the entire society. Merit goods are provided to targeted individuals. Hence in the case of merit goods, there is exclusion. On the other goods, there is no exclusion under public goods.
An example for merit goods or wants is the government’s expenditure in the educational sector (like the Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan) for the schooling of the poor. The comparison between the social wants and merit wants is simple. In the case of social wants, the goods are provided to all sections of the society (road, defence). In the case of merit wants, the good is provided to certain target groups.